Distinct regions of each somite become specific tissue and cell types as the body matures. These somites then separate into cranial and caudal portions, and the cranial portion of each fuses with the caudal portion of the somite directly anterior to it in a process known as metametric shifting. As the somite matures, the outer cells transform from mesenchymal to epithelial cells, creating a distinct boundary between individual somites. Formation begins as paraxial mesoderm cells organize into whorls of cells called somitomeres. Somitogenesis, depends on five important components: periodicity, fissure formation, epithelialization, specification, and differentiation. Notochord the remainder then follow, budding off the mesoderm sequentially, from head to tail.

The first pair of somites forms in the anterior part of the trunk, adjacent to the This experiment showed the exact location of the precursor populations of the different muscle groups that derive from the somite, shedding light on their developmental importance. For example, an experiment published in 1992 byĬhick-quail chimeras, revealed the arrangement of the inner somite and the migratory patterns of each section. Neural crest cells and of the axons of spinal nerves.īecause of their developmental importance, somites have been the topic over the years of many experiments. Somites also determine the migratory paths of Somites are precursor populations of cells that give rise to important structures associated with the vertebrate body plan and will eventually differentiate into dermis, skeletal muscle, cartilage, tendons, and vertebrae. Neural tube in the developing vertebrate embryo.

Mesoderm that are located on either side of the Somites: Formation and Role in Developing the Body Plan

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